World Health Organization : Year 1998 ; World Health Organization, International Conference, Macroeconomic Development and the Health Sector.30: Coping with Ill-Health in a Rickshaw Puller’s Household in Chittagong, Bangladesh

By Joel Almeida

Book Id: WPLBN0000157154
Format Type: PDF eBook:
File Size: 1.35 MB
Reproduction Date: 2005

Title:	World Health Organization : Year 1998 ; World Health Organization, International Conference, Macroeconomic Development and the Health Sector.30: Coping with Ill-Health in a Rickshaw Puller’s Household in Chittagong, Bangladesh
Author:	Joel Almeida
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Health., Public health, Wellness programs
Collections:	Medical Library Collection, World Health Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	World Health Organization


Citation APA MLA Chicago Almeida, Dr, B. J. (n.d.). World Health Organization : Year 1998 ; World Health Organization, International Conference, Macroeconomic Development and the Health Sector.30. Retrieved from http://www.gutenberg.cc/

Description
Medical Reference Publication

Excerpt
INTRODUCTION It is estimated that there were 1.3 billion people in the world living in absolute poverty in 1993, well over a fifth of the earth's population (WHO, 1997a). The greatest incidence of poverty occurs in South Asia at a rate three times this average. In Bangladesh in particular, the percentage of the population below the absolute poverty line is estimated at 52% (Haq, 1997). The correlation between poverty and ill-health is undeniably strong. Ill-health reduces the body's capacity to perform its normal tasks, rendering the sick unable or less able to work. Accordingly, their earnings tend to reduce just at the time that expenditure for medicine and medical care may become necessary. The ill, even among non-poor families, are at risk of drifhng down the social and mno mic ladder. Between 1990 and 1994, 21% of previously nonpwr households in Bangladesh are reported to have slipped into poverty as a result of healthrelated causes (Sen, 1996). The consequences are especially severe for the poor groups of society with little or no resources to fall back upon in hard times.

Table of Contents
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1 . A RICKSHAW PULLER'S HOUSEHOLD PROFILE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 . COPING MECHANISMS AS A RESULT OF ILLNESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.2 Modelling income formation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. 2.3 Coping with a drop in the rickshaw puller's income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5. 2.4 Coping with medical care expenditure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. . 2.5 Coping with a reduction in food consumption : borrowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.6 Coping in subsequent periods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 3 . SIMULATING ILLNESS AND COPING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7. 3.1 Basic assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.2 Simulation results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 4 . SIMULATING A HEALTH POLICY INITIATIVE: THE DOTS TREATMENT . . . . . . 10 4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 0 4.2 Cost of DOTS treatment and financing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.1 4.3 Simulation results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2 5 . CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. 6 APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 9 Appendix A: Incomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.9 Appendix B: Other dependents' income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. 1 Appendix C: Tuberculosis wok capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.1 Appendix D: Caloric requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Appendix E: Interest rates and repayment periods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Appendix F: Medical expenditure under conventional practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 TABLE 1 : Household profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 TABLE 2: Selected results of base case simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9. TABLE 3: Selected results of policy simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.5 BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- 25